A musculoskeletal infection is the invasion of an individual’s muscles, bones, or joints by disease-causing organisms, their multiplication, and the reaction of the individual’s body tissues to these organisms and the toxins they produce. Most musculoskeletal infections are usually caused by bacteria. Infection in the bones, joints, or muscles may occur at any age and can spread swiftly through an individual’s blood, bones, and tissues. Antibiotics are the first line of treatment for musculoskeletal infections. Bone infections are normally treated with antibiotics for 4 to 6 weeks, whereas joint and muscle infections are usually treated for 3 weeks. Once the infection is controlled in the hospital, most patients can receive treatment at home with oral antibiotics. Surgery may be required to remove infected material (pus) from the area of infection. This reduces pressure and inflammation and improves blood flow, which makes it easier for the antibiotics to reach the infected area. During surgery to drain the infection, your surgeon cleans the inside of the tendon sheath to wash away pus and germs and may remove damaged or dead tissue to allow the remaining tissue to heal. In the case of septic arthritis, surgery normally will be required to wash the bacteria out of the joint. In some cases, septic arthritis may be treated by using a needle to draw the infected fluid out of the joint. For severe infections, a person may require surgery more than once to completely remove any infection.
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